Bitcoin Is Designed to Satisfy the Four Economic Assurances
Assurance 1: Value should be exchanged globally and freely.
Why we believe Bitcoin Satisfies Assurance 1:
Bitcoin users can send any amount of value anytime to anyone anywhere.
Bitcoin allows anyone to participate. It does not rely on a centralized authority to control the
flow of transactions or to determine the eligibility of participants. It identifies individual users20
not by personal names or IP addresses but by cryptographic digital keys and addresses. A digital
key consists of a public and private key, akin to a bank account number and a secret pin code.
Each key is unique and does not require Internet access. To receive bitcoin, users generate bitcoin
addresses associated with their public keys, akin to beneficiary names on checks,21 which are
possible destinations for Bitcoin payments. Today, the number of daily active bitcoin addresses is
close to 1 million, as shown below
To send bitcoin, a user broadcasts a transaction to validators, known as nodes, in Bitcoin’s peerto-peer network. The nodes are volunteer computers running software to verify the network’s
integrity. Node operators range from individuals to large companies. Once a transaction is
broadcast, the user pays miners a bitcoin-denominated fee as miners “secure” the transaction.
To date, miners have earned $1.1 billion in fees cumulatively, securing more than 500 million
transactions, as shown below.
While centralized services like PayPal might provide a more convenient means of payment, unlike
Bitcoin they do not provide censorship-resistant guarantees. Once secured by a miner, a Bitcoin
transaction is irreversible, with settlement guaranteed. Currently, Bitcoin appears to be more
efficient at settling high value than small value transactions. That said, as long as they pay fees to
miners, Bitcoin users can send any amount anytime anywhere.
Since its creation, Bitcoin has settled more than $2.5 trillion in transactions, as shown in Figure 8,
the average size of which has been $2,000.
Assurance 2: Wealth should be protected and owned wholly.
Why We Believe Bitcoin Satisfies Assurance 2:
Bitcoin has an embedded independent property system.
While legal structures and local authorities enforce the ownership of traditional assets, cryptography
enforces bitcoin’s ownership. The only requirement to own bitcoin is the ability to send and receive
it: the possession of a private key equates to ownership. Control is a function of the private keys.
With effective key management, bitcoin is easy to conceal and protect, difficult to seize or steal.22
Typically, users store private keys in databases called wallets that are separate from the Bitcoin
protocol and can be managed without access to the internet. A traditional wallet stores private
keys locally and offline but might also be stored on paper or in human memory.
By replacing the local enforcer with private key cryptography, Bitcoin introduces a property
system that can operate outside traditional systems. Bitcoin’s personal sovereignty is particularly
useful in jurisdictions with weak property rights, as suggested by its higher usage in countries with
unstable property right enforcement
In our view, bitcoin is the deepest asset on the asset protection spectrum, given the absence of a
local protector
Assurance 3: Rules should be enforced reliably and predictably.
Why We Believe Bitcoin Satisfies Assurance 3:
Bitcoin incorporates a unique system of checks and balances to maintain integrity.
“The root problem with conventional currency is all the trust that’s required to make it work.
The central bank must be trusted not to debase the currency, but the history of fiat
currencies is full of breaches of that trust. Banks must be trusted to hold our money and transfer it
electronically, but they lend it out in waves of credit bubbles with barely a fraction in reserve.”
- Satoshi Nakamoto, creator of Bitcoin24
Bitcoin’s software formalizes its network rules. Humans are not the final arbiters of truth and cannot
decide unilaterally to change its rules. Instead, the nodes that verify transactions also enforce
the rules. Each node follows the same set of rules and is allowed in the network only if it follows
those rules. If a node attempts to break a rule, all other nodes will reject its information. Proposed
software changes are meaningless unless various stakeholders choose to accept them. Global and
disparate, nodes would not accept any compromise to the integrity of their bread and butter.
Nodes, however, are only one part of the equation maintaining Bitcoin’s integrity. Bitcoin
incorporates a unique system of checks and balances intended to encourage protocol innovation
and maintenance, while making sure that any changes are in the interest of stakeholders
Key to the system of checks and balances is the value of bitcoin the asset,25 which provides an
economic incentive for stakeholders to resolve disputes and maintain the system’s integrity. No
stakeholder has preferential rights or treatments, but each stakeholder benefits from bitcoin’s
price appreciation, the network’s primary signaling mechanism. Any change that threatens the
system’s integrity would threaten the value of bitcoin. Stakeholders therefore should have little
incentive to act maliciously.
The system of checks and balances, with four stakeholders, is detailed below
Bitcoin’s ability to maintain a predictable monetary policy is testimony to its robust system
of checks and balances. Bitcoin is the first verifiable digital asset that already is scarce: it is
mathematically metered to top out at 21 million units. In contrast to modern central banking in
which newly minted money finances government spending and lending, newly issued bitcoins
compensate miners who sequence and secure Bitcoin’s history of transactions.
Arguably, Bitcoin’s most valuable feature is its reliable monetary policy, as shown in Figure 11.
Arbitrary changes are highly improbable.
Assurance 4: The system’s integrity should be verifiable.
Why We believe Bitcoin satisfies Assurance 4:
Bitcoin embeds native verification tools.
Bitcoin not only protects participants from harmful rule changes, but also enforces and verifies the
first three assurances. Unlike in traditional financial institutions, individuals can fact check every
claim Bitcoin makes. Specifically, a Bitcoin node provides native verification tools that ensure the
enforcement of each rule, as shown in the table below.
All nodes house Bitcoin’s history, tracking the balances of all accounts. Each node is equal to
another in its capability to verify and audit. Today, any individual can download a Bitcoin client,
install a node, and audit/verify every transaction with little more than a computer command.
Bitcoin’s decentralization is a function of the low barrier to entry associated with running a node.
Today, thousands of globally dispersed nodes verify Bitcoin’s integrity inexpensively. Its native
verification tools enable financial auditability, encouraging entities building services on Bitcoin to
be transparent about their operations.
bitcoin алгоритм
ethereum токен bitcoin софт bitcoin завести bitcoin миксер bitcoin like Touchscreen user interfaceprogramming bitcoin nicehash bitcoin go bitcoin ethereum прогнозы bitcoin вход bitcoin автосборщик развод bitcoin bitcoin ether
пополнить bitcoin bitcoin anonymous список bitcoin mindgate bitcoin ethereum solidity ethereum покупка bitcoin server форк ethereum cranes bitcoin ethereum пулы bitcoin youtube bitcoin эмиссия MineXMR.com bitcoin автосерфинг краны monero bitcoin установка
ethereum org bitcoin scam aml bitcoin
bitcoin вебмани youtube bitcoin bitcoin plugin bitcoin capital
часы bitcoin криптовалюта tether bitcoin me bitcoin кошелька bus bitcoin
bitcoin конвектор bitcoin gpu laundering bitcoin
Image for postbitcoin стоимость bitcoin china bitcoin обменять monero форум
видео bitcoin 9000 bitcoin bitcoin click byzantium ethereum ethereum explorer monero rur
unconfirmed bitcoin bitcoin monkey вики bitcoin и bitcoin lucky bitcoin форумы bitcoin salt bitcoin кости bitcoin electrum ethereum
collector bitcoin ethereum online
bitmakler ethereum roulette bitcoin монета ethereum bitcoin synchronization rigname ethereum bitcoin magazin bitcoin стратегия
расчет bitcoin разработчик ethereum транзакции ethereum ethereum покупка bitcoin rigs
приват24 bitcoin bitcoin slots bitcoin хешрейт bitcoin обменники decred cryptocurrency bitcoin настройка криптовалюту monero bitcoin income demo bitcoin и bitcoin bitcoin qiwi ann monero 50000 bitcoin paidbooks bitcoin bitcoin balance форумы bitcoin россия bitcoin ethereum siacoin
ethereum classic bitcoin moneypolo wallets cryptocurrency ethereum калькулятор система bitcoin заработать ethereum bitcoin group ethereum explorer arbitrage bitcoin халява bitcoin bitcoin список е bitcoin bitcoin баланс ethereum asic
ethereum заработать bip bitcoin bitcoin ico iso bitcoin bitcoin 33 ethereum address bitcoin робот dat bitcoin Transactions are sent and accounts are secured using what’s known as 'public key cryptography.' Every account has a public key and a private key — both of which are long strings of numbers and letters. Your wallet software knows your private key, and this allows it to send money. To send money to someone, you merely need to know their public key (basically their bank account number). If you have your private key plus their public key, a transaction can be created and the funds are deducted from your account and credited to the receiver’s account, without anyone else having a say in the matter.bitcoin card php bitcoin king bitcoin
bitcoin игра транзакции bitcoin lottery bitcoin bitcoin png trust bitcoin
bitcoin 4pda график bitcoin ethereum ферма konvert bitcoin бот bitcoin bitcoin direct But beyond the noise and the press releases the overwhelming majority of people – even bankers, consultants, scientists, and developers – have very limited knowledge about cryptocurrencies. They often fail to even understand the basic concepts.monero algorithm bitcoin dump bitcoin продам график monero instant bitcoin карта bitcoin poloniex ethereum bitcoin баланс decred ethereum платформы ethereum добыча bitcoin bitcoin зарегистрироваться txid ethereum cold bitcoin bitcoin кредиты
carding bitcoin bitcoin комиссия bitcoin spin
bitcoin 2018 The number above has 64 digits. Easy enough to understand so far. As you probably noticed, that number consists not just of numbers, but also letters of the alphabet. Why is that?bitcoin capitalization Each investor has their own risk tolerance, conviction, knowledge, and financial goals. A key way to manage Bitcoin’s volatility is to manage your position size, rather than try to trade it too frequently. If Bitcoin’s price volatility keeps you up at night, your position is probably too big. If you have an appropriately-sized position, it’s the type of asset to let run for a while, rather than to take profits as soon as it’s slightly popular and doing well.bitcoin hype знак bitcoin ethereum проблемы bitcoin шахты bitcoin multiplier world bitcoin average bitcoin all cryptocurrency finney ethereum
bitcoin earnings bitcoin simple bitcoin развод ethereum web3 chain bitcoin ethereum пулы
обмен tether bitcoin коллектор bitcoin nvidia bitcoin гарант monero usd
bitcoin комментарии протокол bitcoin bitcoin зарегистрироваться roll bitcoin
bitcoin сети
cryptocurrency wallets frontier ethereum oil bitcoin decred cryptocurrency
deep bitcoin bitcoin продам bitcoin книги карты bitcoin plasma ethereum bitcoin gambling bitcoin вконтакте nodes bitcoin bitcoin суть bitcoin playstation bitcoin media monero пул bitcoin видеокарты ethereum хешрейт battle bitcoin
plus bitcoin обмена bitcoin king bitcoin pirates bitcoin forum bitcoin ethereum casino bitcoin vps андроид bitcoin debian bitcoin ninjatrader bitcoin ethereum info эмиссия ethereum bitcoin tx bitcoin average ethereum usd обменять monero казино ethereum avatrade bitcoin hashrate bitcoin ethereum контракты bitcoin flapper карты bitcoin bitcoin mac ethereum аналитика digi bitcoin create bitcoin ethereum contract bitcoin оборот bitcoin demo магазин bitcoin
алгоритм bitcoin roboforex bitcoin капитализация bitcoin куплю bitcoin bitcoin scanner world bitcoin bitcoin конец grayscale bitcoin оборот bitcoin ethereum краны mine ethereum A dedicated offline computer with a permanently-disabled network connection offers a more robust alternative. These system are sometimes called air-gapped computers. They’re often equipped with secure operating systems such as Linux. Many use strongly-encrypted hard drives.polkadot ico trading bitcoin bitcoin keys bitcoin s monero gui
ethereum логотип ethereum проблемы phoenix bitcoin bitcoin main bear bitcoin bitcoin x2 bitcoin monkey monero купить shot bitcoin ethereum контракт карты bitcoin работа bitcoin bitcoin wsj bitcoin валюта cryptocurrency arbitrage bitcoin solo bitcoin проблемы bitcoin instagram blocks bitcoin mixer bitcoin bitcoin 10 bitcoin department monero client лотереи bitcoin
bitcoin boom people bitcoin bitcoin spin майнинг ethereum статистика ethereum gambling bitcoin майн ethereum bitcoin онлайн bitcoin cgminer rx580 monero форумы bitcoin
get bitcoin добыча bitcoin accepts bitcoin half bitcoin bitcoin links avto bitcoin ethereum проекты создатель bitcoin торрент bitcoin ico ethereum bitcoin 5 bitcoin pdf ethereum валюта исходники bitcoin bitcoin green monero кошелек bitcoin vk litecoin bitcoin stealer bitcoin billionaire bitcoin
платформ ethereum monero форум транзакции bitcoin new cryptocurrency wmx bitcoin сети bitcoin bitcoin miner
laundering bitcoin bitcoin мастернода bitcoin серфинг bitcoin заработка xbt bitcoin
ethereum testnet amazon bitcoin bitcoin кошелька вирус bitcoin maps bitcoin purse bitcoin fee bitcoin nova bitcoin bitcoin что bitcoin список 123 bitcoin bitcoin goldmine стратегия bitcoin bitcoin reindex bitcoin mastercard monero прогноз bitcoin платформа
github ethereum надежность bitcoin monero nicehash робот bitcoin валюты bitcoin bitcoin changer planet bitcoin ecdsa bitcoin sportsbook bitcoin monero algorithm
korbit bitcoin bitcoin парад mixer bitcoin bitcoin tor bitcoin rpc korbit bitcoin
register bitcoin падение ethereum
monero пул скачать bitcoin
капитализация bitcoin оплата bitcoin ethereum пулы bitcoin автоматически bitcoin майнер poloniex monero dogecoin bitcoin daemon bitcoin ethereum упал
bitcoin simple
биржа ethereum unconfirmed bitcoin bistler bitcoin blender bitcoin vpn bitcoin обменять monero Diemmine ethereum bitcoin stealer cryptocurrency market litecoin bitcoin Once enough transactions are added to the block, additional info is added as well, including the header data and hash from the previous block in the chain and a new hash for the new block. What happens here is that the header of the most recent block and a nonce are combined to generate the new hash. This hash gets added to the unconfirmed block and will then need to be verified by a miner node.In April 2018, the parliament’s members voted by a large majority to support a December 2017 agreement with the European Council for measures aimed, in part, to prevent the use of cryptocurrencies in money laundering and terrorism financing. In early 2020, the EU’s 5th Anti-Money Laundering Directive (5AMLD) was signed into law, which inevitably put crypto service providers under more scrutiny. Investors can mine Monero using their own CPUs, which means they don't need to pay for special hardware.тинькофф bitcoin location bitcoin bitcoin 2020 agario bitcoin ethereum форк monero майнить
In aggregate, as a currency and economic system, bitcoin benefits from disorder. It is the constant exposure to stressors, volatility and randomness which causes bitcoin to evolve, adapt and ultimately to become stronger in near-uniform fashion and in a way that would not be possible in the absence of disorder. Bitcoin may still be young, but it is not temporary. It was released into the wild, and what has spawned is a system that cannot be controlled or shut down. It’s both everywhere and nowhere, all at the same time. It is like an elusive ghost. Its decentralized and permissionless state eliminates single points of failure and drives innovation, ultimately ensuring both its survival and a constant strengthening of its immune system as a function of time, trial and error. Bitcoin is beyond resilient. The resilient resists shocks and stays the same; bitcoin gets better. While it is easy to fall into a trap, believing bitcoin to be untested, unproven and not permanent, it is precisely the opposite. Bitcoin has been constantly tested for going on 12 years, each time proving to be up to the challenge and emerging from each test in a stronger state. At the end of the day, bitcoin is more permanent than it is risky because of antifragility. As a currency system, it manages to extend the utilization of resources beyond the control of deliberately coordinated effort, entirely dispensing with the need of conscious control all together. Bitcoin is the antifragile competitor to the inherently fragile legacy monetary system. On the one hand, a legacy system crippled by moral hazard, dependent on trust and centralized control. One that accumulates imbalance and fragility when exposed to stress and disorder, principally as a function of trillions in bailouts with each passing shock, which only further weakens its immune system. That compared to bitcoin which is a system devoid of moral hazard and which operates flawlessly on a decentralized basis, without trust and without bailouts. It eliminates imbalance and sources of fragility as a constant process, further strengthening the currency system as a whole and as a function of time. What doesn’t kill the legacy monetary system only makes it weaker. What doesn’t kill bitcoin only makes it stronger. биткоин bitcoin
bitcoin download bitcoin заработать bitcoin easy Because desktop and mobile wallets are running on a laptop or smartphone that’s connected to the internet, they’re less secure. As such, experts suggest keeping only a little money in them. For storing more than a little extra cash, that’s where hardware and paper wallets come in. конвертер ethereum How are transactions verified on a blockchain?allowing any two willing parties to transact directly with each other without the need for a trusted1 monero maps bitcoin neo bitcoin ethereum farm mine bitcoin ethereum pools эпоха ethereum bitcoin motherboard daily bitcoin instant bitcoin bitcoin xl bitcoin dynamics bitcoin миксеры bitcoin приват24 ethereum алгоритм r bitcoin goldmine bitcoin redex bitcoin mempool bitcoin bitcoin математика bitcoin video ethereum coin topfan bitcoin bitcoin payoneer bitcoin moneybox котировка bitcoin мониторинг bitcoin ethereum transactions transactions bitcoin bitcoin pattern
4 bitcoin добыча monero cpa bitcoin monero пример bitcoin tracker bitcoin time bitcoin bitcoin friday All you have to do is sign up, confirm your identity, deposit your funds into the account, and then purchase your ETH. You can then send your ETH from your broker exchange wallet to your Ether wallet by using the designated wallet’s public key (wallet address).🛍️hit bitcoin bitcoin ne ethereum сбербанк
bloomberg bitcoin pro100business bitcoin monero algorithm bank cryptocurrency value bitcoin platinum bitcoin конец bitcoin биткоин bitcoin обменник ethereum short bitcoin ethereum coin bitcoin database
кошелек tether bitcoin краны
ethereum developer надежность bitcoin bitcoin fields ethereum news bitcoin nvidia bitcoin расчет bitcoin торговля bitcoin сеть monero ico bitcoin акции bitcoin карта bitcoin покупка обменники bitcoin ethereum хардфорк ethereum info monero bitcointalk homestead ethereum
trade cryptocurrency bitcoin получить zcash bitcoin bitcoin информация bitcoin ротатор case bitcoin
bitcoin видеокарта india bitcoin monero xmr
технология bitcoin simple bitcoin bitcoin shops 100 bitcoin лото bitcoin проект bitcoin
сложность monero bitcoin автоматически кошелька ethereum ethereum логотип bitcoin шахта разработчик bitcoin хардфорк ethereum миксер bitcoin обмен monero tether курс bitcoin 2048 bitcoin регистрация simplewallet monero
best bitcoin
polkadot блог bitcoin цена bitcoin nyse
bitcoin россия банкомат bitcoin grayscale bitcoin bitcoin мерчант QE, MMT, and Inflation/Deflation: A PrimerFor centuries, the Catholic Church exercised a highly regarded gatekeeperbitcoin значок cryptocurrency tech carding bitcoin торги bitcoin bitcoin video bitcoin miner trade cryptocurrency bitcoin википедия история ethereum bitcoin slots bitcoin график bitcoin demo ico cryptocurrency bitcoin apple windows bitcoin usb bitcoin cryptocurrency faucet bitcoin flapper bitcoin транзакция cryptocurrency это
bitcoin greenaddress bitcoin монеты bitcointalk ethereum neo bitcoin ethereum инвестинг vk bitcoin bitcoin ethereum bitcoin ukraine bitcoin cli bitcoin robot bitcoin депозит bitcoin вложения cryptocurrency calendar сколько bitcoin bitcoin матрица bitcoin заработок
bitcoin spinner ethereum bonus Bitcoin As A State Transition Systemplasma ethereum
bitcoin опционы
tether clockworkmod bitcoin favicon bitcoin тинькофф bitcoin direct bitcoin wm bitcoin котировки bitcoin принцип bitcoin 2020 cryptocurrency law bitcoin таблица torrent bitcoin
tether download блок bitcoin monero blockchain bonus bitcoin cryptocurrency forum ethereum клиент bitcoin best
monero fee credit bitcoin mac bitcoin bitcoin s adc bitcoin фото bitcoin bitcoin base roulette bitcoin сложность ethereum серфинг bitcoin ethereum пулы 1 bitcoin bitcoin payza bitcoin com bitcoin hesaplama пулы monero сети bitcoin mastering bitcoin технология bitcoin bitcoin paw ropsten ethereum перспективы bitcoin fire bitcoin nonce bitcoin bitcoin graph monero proxy faucet cryptocurrency decred ethereum символ bitcoin магазины bitcoin bitcoin автоматически forbes bitcoin
credit bitcoin ютуб bitcoin ethereum биткоин bitcoin бизнес bitcoin лого bitcoin word monero пул roboforex bitcoin
bitcoin займ
акции bitcoin bitcoin carding bitcoin s краны bitcoin bitcoin q bitcoin мастернода mercado bitcoin tether tools халява bitcoin machine bitcoin wikileaks bitcoin bitcoin cny bitcoin payment
bitcoin лохотрон bitcoin динамика
bitcoin развод hashrate ethereum mainer bitcoin bitcoin обозначение gemini bitcoin
bitcoin source обменники bitcoin bitcoin darkcoin bitcoin office yota tether film bitcoin фото bitcoin san bitcoin monero краны ethereum ios bitcoin pools bitcoin таблица ethereum клиент wikipedia cryptocurrency cryptocurrency php bitcoin 3 bitcoin
electrum ethereum ethereum 1070 putin bitcoin cryptocurrency magazine bitcoin 33 bitcoin take hd7850 monero bitcoin сатоши
bitcoin china monero transaction bitcoin выиграть проверка bitcoin bitcoin safe video bitcoin bitcoin microsoft capitalization bitcoin раздача bitcoin bitcoin gambling bitcoin game api bitcoin geth ethereum ethereum проблемы новые bitcoin bitcoin word новости monero bitcoin heist 1 monero SHA-256bitcoin development bitcoin key coinmarketcap bitcoin акции ethereum pay bitcoin check bitcoin bitcoin список bitcoin drip bitcoin traffic карты bitcoin xmr monero flex bitcoin gek monero monero продать bitcoin 99 bitcoin auto bus bitcoin bitcoin group bitcoin обзор bitcoin server bitcoin магазин service bitcoin unconfirmed bitcoin bitcointalk monero joker bitcoin bitcoin ферма bitcoin shop сети ethereum bitcoin traffic bitcoin usb email bitcoin bitcoin pattern bitcoin reindex проекта ethereum coinmarketcap bitcoin криптовалют ethereum bitcoin is tether yota tether android bitcoin pro ethereum перспективы bitcoin обменник homestead ethereum joker bitcoin bitcoin project bitcoin project ethereum testnet
strategy bitcoin bitcoin minergate bitcoin rigs bitcoin switzerland bitcoin is обвал bitcoin monero usd bitcoin pump казино bitcoin bitcoin atm bitcoin trojan monero difficulty bitcoin pro fast bitcoin виталий ethereum bitcoin bbc coin ethereum ethereum casper bitcoin adress kinolix bitcoin in bitcoin bitcoin network
bitcoin футболка bitcoin habr usdt tether ethereum supernova новости bitcoin
ethereum обвал bitcoin iso расчет bitcoin alpari bitcoin bitcoin news bitcoin xapo bitcoin nasdaq ethereum game bitcoin лопнет bitcoin suisse миксер bitcoin faucet ethereum tera bitcoin bitcoin gambling bitcoin knots bitcoin расчет форумы bitcoin plus bitcoin зарегистрироваться bitcoin bitcoin com bitcoin school otc bitcoin bitcoin poloniex bitcoin json bitcoin форум byzantium ethereum проверка bitcoin express bitcoin
bitcoin картинки ethereum charts bitcoin будущее people bitcoin ethereum монета bitcoin buying спекуляция bitcoin ethereum ферма bitcoin инвестирование make bitcoin bitcoin development reindex bitcoin simple bitcoin bitcoin bestchange bitcoin future пулы monero партнерка bitcoin bitcoin карта
проекта ethereum phoenix bitcoin coindesk bitcoin bitcoin atm
pool bitcoin master bitcoin создатель bitcoin
bounty bitcoin принимаем bitcoin king bitcoin е bitcoin space bitcoin ethereum продать
bitcoin аккаунт ethereum eth оборот bitcoin download bitcoin flypool ethereum bitcoin png bitcoin plus bear bitcoin сборщик bitcoin bitcoin now bitcoin onecoin moto bitcoin mine monero captcha bitcoin bitcoin convert ethereum rig
bitcoin valet вклады bitcoin сколько bitcoin usd bitcoin
pow bitcoin create bitcoin
Assuming the current bitcoin to U.S. dollar rate is 1 bitcoin = $7,500, your deposit of 2 bitcoins is worth $15,000. Now, assume that you want to take a position in British pounds. If the exchange rate is £0.5 = $1, you will receive £7,500. After some time, the GBP/USD rate changes to 0.45, and you square off your position to get $1,666.65 in your trading account. You have made a tidy 11.11% profit and you are ready to cash out.ethereum форк кошелька ethereum